https://xiongan.host/index.php/tag/VLAN/ https://xiongan.host/index.php/archives/209/ 2023-05-22T19:00:23+08:00 RSTP、MSTP基础配置实验组网任务步骤设备开启STP，并将STP模式切换为RSTP[S1]stp enable [S1]stp mode rstp [S2]stp enable [S2]stp mode rstp [S3]stp enable [S3]stp mode rstp [S4]stp enable [S4]stp mode rstp查看STP的状态和统计信息摘要在S1上查看STP的状态和统计信息（S1为根桥交换机）根桥选举控制配置S1为主根桥，S2为备份根桥[S1]stp priority 4096 [S2]stp priority 8192在另外两台交换机保持默认桥优先级（32768）的情况下，S1拥有最小的桥优先级，S2次之。再次查看S1上的状态信息（此时S1的桥优先级为4096，并且此时仍然是根桥）取消S1、S2上手动调整桥优先级的配置，使用stp root命令指定根桥和备份根桥[S1]undo stp priority [S1]stp root primary [S2]undo stp priority [S2]stp root secondary查看S1和S2的stp状态信息S1的桥优先级为0，而S2的桥优先级为4096，此时S1为根桥，S2为备份根桥。修改接口开销控制根端口选举在S4上查看stp状态和统计信息S4上0/0/2拥有更小的RPC（根路径开销），从而成为根端口查看S4的0/0/2的STP状态和统计信息此时路径开销计算方法为Dotlt，接口的STP cost的值为20000修改S4的0/0/2的STP cost值为40001[S4]interface g0/0/2 [S4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]stp cost 40001 [S4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]查看s4的STP状态信息此时0/0/1的RPC为40000，小鱼0/0/2的RPC 40001 S4的0/0/1接口成为根端口修改接口优先级控制根端口选举查看S2的STP状态信息S2上GE0/0/10、GE0/0/11接口收到的BPDU拥有相同的RPC、网桥ID、接口优先级，此时将会比较接收到的BPDU接口ID中的接口编号。在S1、S2上开启LLDP，查看接口的互联关系[S1]lldp enable [S2]lldp enable [S2]display lldp neighbor briefS2的GE0/0/10接口对端为S1的GE0/0/10接口，S2的GE0/0/11接口对端为S1的GE0/0/11接口，S2的GE0/0/10接口接收到的BPDU拥有更小的接口编号，这是GE0/0/10成为根端口的原因在S1上修改GE0/0/11的STP接口优先级，使其发送的BPDU优于 GE0/0/10发送的BPDU[S1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/11 [S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/11] stp port priority 64STP接口优先级为128，数值越小越优。再次查看S2的stp状态信息此时S2的GE0/0/10接口成为根端口。MSTP基础配置在所有交换机上创建VLAN10、20、30、40、50、60、70、80，配置MSTP域hcip，并创建两个新的实例：Instance 1、Instance 2，将VLAN10、30、50、70映射到Instance 1，将VLAN20、40、60、80映射到Instance 2，同时将SW1规划为MSTI1的主根桥、MSTI2的备份根桥，将SW2规划为MSTI2的主根桥、MSTI1的备份根桥。[S1]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 [S2]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 [S3]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 [S4]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80将所有的互联接口(S1、S2、S3、S4)配置为Trunk接口，放通所有的(接口端口)Vlaninterface GigabitEthernet0/0/10 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/11 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 stp instance 0 port priority 64 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/12 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/13 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80修改STP模式为MSTP[S1]stp mode mstp [S2]stp mode mstp [S3]stp mode mstp [S4]stp mode mstp配置MSTP[S1]stp region-configuration [S1-mst-region] region-name hcip [S1-mst-region] revision-level 1 [S1-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 10 30 50 70 [S1-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 20 40 60 80 [S1-mst-region] active region-configuration Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [S1-mst-region] quit / [S2]stp region-configuration [S2-mst-region] region-name hcip [S2-mst-region] revision-level 1 [S2-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 10 30 50 70 [S2-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 20 40 60 80 [S2-mst-region] active region-configuration Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [S2-mst-region] quit / [S3]stp region-configuration [S3-mst-region] region-name hcip [S3-mst-region] revision-level 1 [S3-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 10 30 50 70 [S3-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 20 40 60 80 [S3-mst-region] active region-configuration Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [S3-mst-region] quit / [S4]stp region-configuration [S4-mst-region] region-name hcip [S4-mst-region] revision-level 1 [S4-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 10 30 50 70 [S4-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 20 40 60 80 [S4-mst-region] active region-configuration Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [S4-mst-region] quit在S1上检查MSTP实例和Vlan的映射关系//配置SW1为MSTI1的根桥、MSTI2的备份根桥 [S1]stp instance 1 root primary [S1]stp instance 2 root secondary //配置SW2为MSTI2的根桥、MSTI1的备份根桥 [S2]stp instance 1 root secondary [S2]stp instance 2 root primary在S1上查看MST1状态信息S1上所有接口都是指定接口，S1为MSTI1的根桥S2上所有接口都是指定接口，S2为MSTI2的根桥。